| ²¤¶ |
|---|
-
¥Ñ©ó¹q«H¦Û¥Ñ¤Æ¡Bºô»Úºô¸ôªº½´«kµo®i¡A¸ê°T»P³q°T§Þ³Nªº§Ö³t ¶i¨B¡A³q°Tºô¸ô¥¿¦b±Á{¤@Ó¥¨¤jªºÅܲ¡An±N즳 circuit switching »P packet switching ºô¸ô¾ã¦X¦¨¤@Ó³æ¤@ ªº¥þIP ºô¸ô¥H¤ä´©¥]¬A»yµªA°È(VoIP)ªº©Ò¦³ºô¸ôÀ³¥Î¡C ¦¹ºØ¾ã¦X«¬All-IPºô¸ô±N¥H¤@Ó³æ¤@¶Ç¿é¥¥x´£¨Ñ©T©wºô¸ô¤Î¦æ°Êºô¸ô¤W ©Ò¦³ªA°È¡A¥]¬A»yµ¡B¦h´CÅé¡B¸ê®Æµ¥¦UÃþªA°È¡C
¡ó °Ê¤O
| ¹q«H¦Û¥Ñ¤Æ | ¹q«H¦Û¥Ñ¤Æªº®ö¼é¡A¨ë¿Eºô¸ôªº¤j¶q«Ø³]¡B·s§Þ³Nªº¥[³t¤Þ¶i¡B»P·sªA°Èªº´£¨Ñ¡C
| ¥úÅÖ§Þ³N
| ¥úÅÖ§Þ³Nªº¶i¨B¡A¨Ï±o¥HDWDM §Þ³N¬°°ò¦ªº°ª®e¶q¥úÅÖ¥i»´©öªº
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| ªñ¦~¨Óºô»Úºô¸ôªº½´«kµo®i¡A¨ë¿E¤j¶q¦h´CÅéºô¸ô¸ê°Tªº¬y³q¡A¨Ï±o
ÀW¼e»Ý¨D¤j´T¼W¥[¡Aºô¸ôªºÀ³¥Î¦h¼Ë¤Æ¡A¹ï«~½èªºn¨D¥çÀH¤§½ÆÂø¤Æ¡C
| IP ¼Ð·Ç
| ºô»Úºô¸ô¦b¥þ²y½´«kµo®i¡A¶¡±µ¨Ï±oIP §Þ³NÅܦ¨¥þ²yºô¸ôªº¦@¦P¼Ð·Ç¡C
| VoIP
| VoIP §Þ³Nªºµo®i¡A¨Ï±o packet switching ºô¸ô¥i¥H¤ä´©»yµ»P§Y®É¼v¹³ªºªA°È¡C
| |
|---|
-
¥Ñ©ó¥H¤W³o¨Ç¦]¯À¡Aºô¸ôªA°È¥¿´Â¦V¦h´CÅé¤Æ¡B¦h¼Ë¤Æªººt¶i¡A¦Ó ºô¸ô¬[ºc«h´Â¦V¼eÀW¤Æ¡B¥úÅ֤ơB«ó¥¤Æ¡B¾ã¦X¤Æµo®i¡C¬°¦]À³³oºØÁÍ¶Õ ¡A³\¦h·s¿³ºô¸ô§Þ³N¥¿³Q¿n·¥ªº¬ã¨s¡G
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intro.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:47:54 CST 2001
| ¹q«Hºô¸ôÁÍ¶Õ |
|---|
¡ó ·s¿³¹q«H§Þ³N
| ¥æ´«ºô¸ô | VoIP, MPLS, Network Convergency
| ¶Ç¿éºô¸ô
| DWDM, IP over SDH , IP over Fiber
| ±µ¨úºô¸ô
| FTTx, ADSL, HFC, LMDS, 3G
| ´¼¼z«¬ºô¸ô
| LNP, Service Creation,
| |
|---|
¡ó ·s¿³¹q«Hºô¸ôÁͶÕ
Ävª§¦h¤¸¤Æ¡A¿E¯P¤Æ
| ºô¸ô¼eÀW¤Æ¡A¥úÅ֤ơA«ó¥¤Æ
| ªA°È¦h¤¸¤Æ¡A¦h´CÅé¤Æ
| |
|---|
-
³o¨Ç·s¿³§Þ³N¤¤¡A¹ï²{¦³ºô¸ô½ÄÀ»³Ì¤jªº·íÄÝ Network Convergency¡A ¥ø¹Ï±Ncircuit switching »P packet switching ¤ÀÂ÷ªº¶Ç²Îºô¸ô¾ã¦X¦¨³æ¤@ªº packet switching ºô¸ô¡C¬°¤F¥´¯}¥H©¹¦U»s³y°Ó³]³Æ¤£¯à§¹¥þ¤¬³qªº°ÝÃD¡A ³oÓ¾ã¦X«¬ºô¸ô±N±Ä¥Î¥þ²y²Î¤@¶}©ñ¼Ð·Ç¡A¦ÓIP ³q°T¨ó©w¥¿¦]¬° ºô»Úºô¸ô¦b¥þ²y½´«kµo®i¦Ó¦¨¬°°ß¤@ªº¿ï¾Ü¡C
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trend.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:47:56 CST 2001
| ·s«¬¸óºô¸ôªA°È |
|---|
-
¦¹ºØ²©R©Êªº ¾ã¦X«¬ All-IP ºô¸ô¤£¦ý¥i¥H°§C«Ø¸m¦¨¥»¡BÀç¹BºÞ²z¦¨¥»¡A§ó«nªÌ¡A ¥i¥H´£¨Ñ¤@Ó·sªºªA°È¥¥x¡A¨Ï±o¸óºô¸ôªºÀ³¥Î¦¨¬°¥i¯à¡C
-
(¦b¶Ç²Îªººô¸ôªA°È¬[ºc¤¤¡Adata communications service »P telecommunication service ¬O¤À¥Ñ packet switching »P circuit switching ¤À§O´£¨Ñ¡A¸ó data communication »P telecommunication ªºªA°È¦³«Ø¸m¤Wªº§xÃø¡C¡^
-
Á|¨Ò¦Ó¨¥¡A·í§Ú̥ζDzΪº¹q¸Ü¼·±µ¤Wºô¡A³s¤W¬Y®a¤½¥qªººô¶¡A Yn¥Îºô¶¤W©Ò´£¨ÑªºÁpµ¸¹q¸Ü»P¸Ó¤½¥qÁpµ¸®É¡A¥²¶·±N¹q¸Ü ±¾Â_¡A©Î¨Ï¥Î¥t¤@³¡¹q¸Ü¡A¦Ó¤£¯àª½±µ¦bºô¶¤W©Ò´£¥Üªº¹q¸Ü¸¹½X ª½±µÂI¤U¥h´N¥Ñ¦P¤@Ó¹q¸Ü½u¦Û°Ê±µ³q¨ì¸Ó¹q¸Ü¡A³o´N¬O¦]¬°¦P¤@±ø¹q¸Ü½u ¥u¯à´£¨Ñ¤@Ó»yµªA°Èªº½t¬G¡A§Y¨Ï¥Î¤á¬O¨Ï¥ÎISDN ©ÎADSL ³oºØ¦h¹q¸ô ªº³]³Æ¡A¤]¦]¬°ºô¸ô¨Ã¥¼¾ã¦X¡AµLªk¹ê²{¦¹ºØ²z·QªºªA°È¡C ·í¾ã¦X«¬All-IP ºô¸ô«Ø¸m¦¨¤§«á¡A¦¹ÃþªºªA°È±NÅܬ°¥i¯à¡C ¾ã¦X«¬All-IPºô¸ôµL½×¦b«~½è±±¨î¡B·sªA°È¤§³]p¤ä´©¡B´£¨Ñ¸óºô¸ô À³¥ÎªA°È¤§¯à¤O¡B°§CÀç¹B¦¨¥»¤W³£¦³«Ü°ªªº¼ç¤O¶W¶V¶Ç²Î ªº¤ÀÂ÷¦¡ºô¸ô¡
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newsrv.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:47:57 CST 2001
| ºô¸ô¯à¤O¤ñ¸û |
|---|
|
PSTN/IN |
Internet |
Converged Network |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Multimedia services | No | Yes | Yes |
| QoS-enabled | Yes (voice) | No | Yes |
| Network intelligence | Yes | No | Yes |
| Intelligent CPE | No | Yes | Yes |
| Underlying transport network | Circuit switching | Packet Switching | Packet Switching |
| Service architecture | Semi-distinct | Ad hoc | Distinct |
| Integrated control and management | No | Yes | Yes |
| Service reliability | High | Low | High |
| Service creation | Complex | Ad-hoc | Systematic |
| Ease of use of services | Medium | High | High |
| Evolvability/modularity | Low | Medium | High |
| Time to market of services | Long | Short | Short |
| Architecture openness | Low | High | High |
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compare.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:48:00 CST 2001
| §Þ³N¬D¾Ô |
|---|
-
±ý¹F¨ì¾ã¦X«¬ºô¸ôªº²z·Q¡A§Ṳ́´¶·§JªA³\¦h«~½è¤W¤ÎªA°È¾÷¯à³]p ¤Wªº§xÃø¡G
¢w «~½è°ÝÃD
-
All-IP ºô¸ô¨ü©ó packet switching 즳ªº¯S©Ê¡A¦³¤T¤j«~½è°ÝÃD ¦³«Ý§JªA¡G
| Long Delay Time | Jitter | Packet Lose |
|---|
¢w ¸¨¥îªº³nÅé¬[ºc
-
²{¦³ªºªA°È¾÷¯à³]p¨ü©ó¦Ñªº³nÅé¬[ºc¥H¤Î«Ê³¬ªºµ{¦¡¤¶±¡A¨Ï±o ¸óºô¸ôªºªA°È¾÷¯à³]p§xÃø««¡A¦Ó¥B©Ò¦³ªºªA°È¾÷¯à¤£¯à¥Ñ»s³y°Ó ¥H¥~ªº³]pªÌ´£¨Ñ¡A¥HP·s«¬ªA°È¾÷¯à¤§´£¨ÑÃm¤é¼o®É¡B»ù®æ°ª©ù¡C
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challenge.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:48:01 CST 2001
| À³¥ÎªA°È¤§¤ÀÃþ |
|---|
-
UMTS ²Õ´±Nºô¸ô¤W·¦æªºÀ³¥Î¨Ì®É®Ä»P«~½è»Ý¨D·§²¤¤À¬°¥|¤jÃþ¡G
| Ãþ§O | À³¥Î¤§¨Ò
| Conversational
| »yµªA°È¡A¼v¹³¹q¸Ü
| Stream
| VoD
| Interactive
| WWW, Telnet
| Background
| E-Mail
| |
|---|
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class.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:48:03 CST 2001
| À³¥ÎªA°È¤§«~½èn¨D |
|---|
| Ãþ§O | Delay Sensitivity | Jitter Sensitivity | Packet Lose Sensitivity | Duplex/ Simplex | Symmetry
| Conversational
| High
| High
| Low
| Duplex
| Sym
| Stream
| Medium
| High
| Low
| Simplex
| ¢w
| Interactive
| Medium
| Low
| High
| Duplex
| Asym
| Background
| Low
| No
| High
| Simplex
| ¢w
| |
|---|
¡ó Conversational class services
-
¥Dn¥Î¨Ó¤ä´©¤HÃþÂù¦V·¾³q¡A ®Ú¾Ú¤HÃþ·P©x¤§¸gÅçÂk¯Ç¡A¦¹ºØªA°È¹ï delay time »P jitter ¬Û·í±Ó·P¡A¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¦b delay time ¶W¹L 300 ms ®É¡A´NÃø¥H§Ô¨ü ¨ä³q¸Ü«~½è¡C¬Û¤Ïªº¡A¹ï©ó packet lose «h¸û¥i§Ô¨ü¡C
¡ó Stream class service
-
«hn¨D«ùÄòéwªº packet flow¡A ¦]¦¹¹ïjitter ¬Û·í±Ó·P¡A¤Ï¤§¡A¹ï delay time «h¦³¸û°ªªº®e§Ô«×¡C ¦b¶Ç°e¼vµ¸ê®Æ®É¡A¹ï packet lose ¤]¥i§Ô¨ü¡C
¡ó Interactive class »P Background class
-
³£ÄÝ©ó data communication ªºªA°È¡A¥i®e§Ô¸ûªøªº¸ê®Æ¶Ç°e®É¶¡¡A¦ý¬On¨Dºë·Çªº¸ê®Æ¶Ç°e¡A¦]¦¹ ´X¥GµLªk§Ô¨ü¸ê®Æªºlose.
¢w ¤U¤@¥Nªººô¸ôn´£¨Ñ¦h¼Ë©ÊªºªA°È¡A¥²¶·°w¹ï¨C¤@ÃþªA°Èªº«~½è¯S©Ê ´£¨Ñ¾A·íªº«~½è«OÃÒ¡C¦bºô¸ôºÞ²z¨t²Î¥²¶·´£¨Ñ¾A·íªº¸ê·½ºÞ²z¾÷¨î ºÞ²z¤£¦PªA°Èªº¸ê·½¹B¥Î¡A¨ÃÅýºÞ²zªÌ¥i »´©öªº½Õ±Ðºô¸ô¡A¨Ï±o¦UÃþªA°È³£¥i¥HÀò±o¾A·íªº«~½èªA°È¡C
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qosdemand.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:48:05 CST 2001
| pµe¥Ø¼Ð |
|---|
¢w ¥»pµe±N±N¦b¥¼¨Óªº¼Æ¦~¡A²`¤J±´°Q¾ã¦X«¬All-IPºô¸ô¤§«~½è»P¾÷¯à³]p ¬[ºc¤§¦U¶µ°ÝÃD¡C¦
¡ó ªì´Ápµe
-
±N´£¥X¸û¬°§¹¾ãªº¤ÀªR¡A¨Ã°w¹ï¥H¤U¼ÆÓ°ÝÃD¶i¦æ¥ý´Á¬ã¨s¡G
¦b°ª³t¼eÀWºô¸ô¤U¯à°§C§C¿ðº¢®É¶¡ªº«Ê¥]¶®|°ÝÃD
| ¦b²Ä¤T¥NµL½u³q°Tºô¸ô¤U¯à±±¨î«~½èªº«Ê¥]¶®|°ÝÃD»Phand-offÀW¼e¤À°t°ÝÃD
| ¥i¤ä´©¸óºô¸ô VoIP ªA°È¾÷¯à³]pªº³nÅé¬[ºc
| |
|---|
¢w °ò©ó¥ý´Á¬ã¨sªºµ²ªG¡A§Ú̱N³W¹ºÈ±oªø´Á§ë¤Jªºªº¬ã¨s¤è¦V¡C
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goal.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:48:07 CST 2001
| ¦b°ª³t¼eÀWºô¸ô¤U¯à°§C§C¿ðº¢®É¶¡ªº«Ê¥]¶®|°ÝÃD |
|---|
-
¬J¦³ªº packet routing ¤è¦¡¦b¶Ç²Î packet switching ºô¸ô¤Wªº¥Dn°l¨D¥Ø¼Ð¬O¦bµ½¥Îºô¸ôÀW¼e¡A°l¨DÀW¼eªº³Ì ¦³®Ä§Q¥Î¡A¹ï©ódelay time »P jitter µ¥°ÝÃD¨Ã¥¼¦h¥[ ¦Ò¼{¡C¦Ó¦b·s¥@¥N¼eÀWºô¸ô¤¤¡AÀW¼eªº¦³®Ä§Q¥Î¤w¸g¤£¬O ³Ì«nªº°ÝÃD¡C¬°¤F¤ä´©·s«¬ªA°È¡A¥²¶·±Ä¨ú¤£¦Pªº routing µ¦²¤¡A¥[¤Jdelay time »P jitter control ªº¦Ò¼{¡C ¥Ø«e¤w¸g¦³¬ÛÃöªº¬ã¨s[¤Q¤C¤§¤G]¡C
-
¥i¬O²{¦³ªº¬ã¨s¤´µM¸ò¶Ç²Îªººô¸ô¤@¼Ë¡A³£°²³]¥Dnªº delay time ¬O¦b¶Ç¿é½u¸ô¤W¡A¦Ó±Nrouter ¤Wªºdelay time ³£©¿²¤¤F¡C¨ä¹ê¦b¼eÀWºô¸ô¤W¡A¶Ç¿é½u¸ôªºÀW¼e¥i¥H¤j´T ¼W¥[¡A¦Ó¶Ç¿é½u¸ô¤Wªº queuing delay ¤w¸g¥i¥H¤j´T°§C¡A ¦Órouter ¤Wªº delay time ¦b¤@Ó¸ûªøªº¸ô®|¤¤©Ò¤ÞPªº delay time ¤]¥i¯à¶W¹L¬Y¨ÇÀ³¥Îªº®e³\½d³ò¡A¨Ò¦pªø³~»yµ (VoIP)¥i¯à¤À°tµ¹ router delay time ÃB«×¤£¹L¼Æ¤Q ms ¦Ó¤w¡A ¹ï³o¨ÇÀ³¥Î¦Ó¨¥¡A router ¤Wªºdelay time ¤w¸gÅܱoÁ|¨¬»´«¡C
-
¥»pµe±N´£¥X¤@Ó·sªº routing ¼Ò«¬¡A¯Ç¤J router ¤Wªº delay time, ¨Ã¹B¥Î¼Æ¾Ç³W¹º¤è¦¡¬ã¨s³Ì¨Î¤Æµ¦²¤¡A ³Ì«á¡A¬°¤F¦]À³ºô¸ô¤§¤À´²¹Bºâ¯S©Ê¡A±N®Ú¾Ú³Ì¨Î¤Æ¤§¬ã¨sµ²ªG ³]p¤è«K¨Ï¥Îªº¤Àºâ¦¡ºtºâªk¡C
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routing.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:48:09 CST 2001
| ¦b²Ä¤T¥NµL½u³q°Tºô¸ô¤U¯à±±¨î«~½èªº«Ê¥]¶®|°ÝÃD»Phand-offÀW¼e¤À°t°ÝÃD |
|---|
-
¤j³¡¤Àªº³q°T¼t°Ó³£¨M©w¥H packet switching ºô¸ô«Ø¸m ¥ý¶iªº²Ä¤T¥N¦æ°Ê¹q¸Ü¡A¥Ñ©óºô¸ôªº«Ø¸mÃm¤é¶O®É¡A ¦h¥b·|ª½±µªu¥Î²Ä¤G¥NªºGPRS ºô¸ô¥[¥H§ï¶i¡C ¦b²Ä¤T¥N¦æ°Ê¹q¸Ü¨t²Î¤§¬[ºc©|¥¼¼Ð·Ç¤Æ¤§«e¡A§ÚÌ ±N¥H GPRS §@¬°´À¥N¤§¬ã¨sÀô¹Ò¡A§Ú̹w´Á§Ú̪º¬ã¨sµ²ªG ±N¥i»´©öªº¹B¥Î¦b²Ä¤T¥N¨t²Î¤W¡C
-
²{¦³ªº GPRS ºô¸ô¬[ºc¦p¤U¹Ï¡G
-
¦b¦æ°Ê³q°Tºô¸ô¤W¡A¤@Ó Mobile Host (MH) »Pºô¸ôªº³s±µÂI (point of atttachment)¥i¯à¸g±`ÅÜ°Ê¡A ¦b¶Ç²Îªºcircuit switchingºô¸ô¤W«Y¥Î IS-41 µ¥¨ó©w ºÞ²z¨ä¦ì¸m¡A¦¹ºÙ mobility management¡C¦b«Ø¥ß¤@Ó¹q¸Ü ³s½u®É¡A¨t²Î¥ý¨ìHLR/VLR¸ê®Æ®w¬d¸ß Mobile Host ªº³Ì·s¦ì¸m¡A µM«á¤~±N³q¸Ü½u¸ô±µ³q¡A¦b³q¸Ü¹Lµ{¤¤¡AMobile Host ÅÜ´«¨ä point of attachment ©Ò¤Þ°_ªºmobility °ÝÃD¬O¥Ñ hand-off µ{§Ç ¨Ó³B²zªº¡C¦bpacket switching ºô¸ô¤W¡A¨CÓ«Ê¥] ³£¥²¶·³æ¿W route¡A¶Ç²Îªº routing ¤è¦¡·|¤ÞP«D±`ªøªº delay time¡A¦Ó¹ï HLR/VLR ¸ê®Æ®w¤]·|¼W¥[¤j¶qªºt¾á¡C²{¦æªº¦³®Ä¸Ñ¨M¤è®×¬O ±Ä¥ÎÃþ¦ü mobile IP ªº¤è¦¡¥h¸Ñ¨M¡A©Ò¦³°e¨ì Mobile Host ªº«Ê¥]³£¸g¥Ñ¨ä Home Agent/Foreign Agent Âà°e¡C°£¤F¦b«Ø¥ßpacket path ¤§ªì¥²¶·¨ìHLR¬d¸ß¸ê®Æ®wÀò±oHome Agent ¤§©Ò¦b¤§¥~¡A«áÄò ªº«Ê¥]¥iª½±µ°e¨ì Home Agent ¡A¥Ñ Home Agent Âà°e¡A¬Ù¤U ¬d¸ß¸ê®Æ®wªº¦¨¥»¡C·í Mobile Host ÅÜ´«¦ì¸m®É¡A¥²¶· §ó·s HLR ¸ê®Æ®w¡A¦Ó§ó·s¸ê®Æ®w¯Á¤ÞPªº¦¨¥»±N·|¼vÅT VoIP ªºªA°È«~½è¡A¥²¶·¥t´M¥Lªk¸Ñ¨Mhand-off ¹ïdelay time »P jitter ªº¼vÅT¡C
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¥Ø«e¸Ñ¨M³oÓ°ÝÃDªº¤è¦¡¥Dn¤À¬°¨âÃþ¡G ¤@¬O§Q¥ÎÂà°e(forwarding)ªº¤è¦¡ ¥t¤@ºØ«h¬O§Q¥Î multicast ªº¤è¦¡
| Âà°e(forwarding)¤è¦¡ | Mobile Host ¦bÅÜ´«°ò¦a¥x®É¡A°e¥X§ïÅܸô®|ªº°T®§¨ì¤W¼hªº
routing ¤¸¥ó¡A¦b
hand-off ¶i¦æ¤¤¡A¥Ñì¨Óªº°ò¦a¥x¼È¦s°e¨Óªº«Ê¥]¡A
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| Mobile Host ¦bÅÜ´«°ò¦a¥x®É¡A°e¥X§ïÅܸô®|ªº°T®§¨ì
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| |
|---|
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¥H¤W¨âºØ¤èªk³£©|¥¼¸g¹LÄYÂÔªº«~½è±±¨î¤ÀªR¡A¥B¶È¹ïdelay time ¦Ò¼{¡A¹ï©ó¨ä¥L«~½è¦]¯À¨Ã¥¼µÛ¾¥¡A¦AªÌ¡A ¨Ã¥¼¦Ò¼{¨ì hand-off ®ÉªºÀW¼e availability »PÀH¤§¦Ó¨Ó ªºÀW¼e¤À°t°ÝÃD¡A ±ý¨D±o³Ì¨Îªº hand-off µ¦²¤¡A¥²¶·¦³¤@®M¦³¨t²Îªº µ¦²¤®Ú¾Ú¦UÃþÀ³¥Îªº«~½è¯S©Ê¤Î¨t²Î¸ê·½ªº¨Ï¥Îª¬ªp ¨D±o³Ì¨Îªº hand-off µ¦²¤¡C
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§Ú̱N±´°Q¦b²Ä¤T¥NµL½u³q°Tºô¸ô¤U¯à±±¨î«~½èªº«Ê¥]¶®| °ÝÃD»Phand-off®ÉÀW¼e¤À°t°ÝÃD¡C
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3g.htm,
Fri Oct 26 16:48:11 CST 2001
| ¤ä´©¸óºô¸ô VoIP ªA°È¾÷¯à³]pªº³nÅé¬[ºc |
|---|
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¦b·s¤@¥Nªººô¸ô¤W¡A¤j¶q¤£¦PºØÃþªºÀ³¥ÎªA°È±N·|³Q¤£Â_ªº´£¥X¡A µL¥i§_»{ªº¡A»yµªA°È¤´±N¬O¤@Ó«nªº¹B¥Î¡A¦bµu´Á¤º¡A ¹q«H¤½¥qªº¥DnÀ禬¤´µM¨Ó¦Û»yµªA°È¡C¦]¦¹¡A ¦b¬ã¨sªì´Á§ÚÌ¿ï¾Ü¸óºô¸ôVoIP¬°¥Dnªº¬ã¨s¹ï¶H¡A±N¨Ó¦A°ò©ó VoIP ¤Wªº¬ã¨s°ò¦¡AÂX®i¨ì¨ä¥LªºÀ³¥Î«¬ºA¡C
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